Outiref

Code source de l'URL : https://www.elkem.com/

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            <title>Elkem | Elkem.com</title>


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<meta name="msapplication-config" content="/Static/configs/ieconfig.xml">

    <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.elkem.com/" />
    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.elkem.com/" />
    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://www.elkem.cn/" />
    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.elkem.com/" />



    
    <script id="vals">
        var data = {
            "PLATFORM_URL":"https://platform-eu.cloud.coveo.com",
            "ORGANIZATION_ID": "elkemproductionydq73k3n",
            "API_KEY": "xx88747c93-7562-461a-a79b-2b93d8e8f8fc",
            "USER_EMAIL": "hsingh@coveo.com",
            "PLATFORM_ENVIRONMENT": "prod",
            "isMagazine": "False",
            "isOnSearchPage": "False"
        }
    </script>

    <link href="https://static.cloud.coveo.com/atomic/v2/themes/coveo.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <script type="module" src="https://static.cloud.coveo.com/atomic/v2/atomic.esm.js"></script>
    <link href="/Static/coveo-stencil/dist/elkem-web/elkem-web.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <script type="module" src="/Static/coveo-stencil/dist/elkem-web/elkem-web.esm.js?v=2"></script>
    <script type="module" src="/Static/coveo-stencil/dist/elkem-web/index.esm.js?v=2"></script>

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            <script type="application/ld+json">
                {
                  "@context": "https://schema.org",
                  "@type": "WebSite",
                  "url": "http://www.elkem.com/",
                  "potentialAction": [{
                    "@type": "SearchAction",
                    "target": {
                      "@type": "EntryPoint",
                      "urlTemplate": "http://www.elkem.com/search#q={search_term_string}&tab=website"
                    },
                    "query-input": "required name=search_term_string"
                  }]
                }
            </script>


        <script id="Cookiebot" src="https://consent.cookiebot.com/uc.js" data-cbid="583f8b38-2c0c-4a1f-a8ff-4145559fc56d" data-blockingmode="auto" type="text/javascript"></script>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/Static/fonts/hco_fonts.css" />

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        var doc = document.documentElement;
        doc.setAttribute('data-useragent', navigator.userAgent);
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    <style>
        #epi-quickNavigator {
            left: 10px;
            right: unset !important;
        }
    </style>
</head>


<body class="startpage">

    <span id="top-of-page"></span>

    <a href="#maincontent" class="skip-main">Skip to main content</a>



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    <header id="header" class="site-header flyover">
        <div ref="headerContainer" class="site-header--theme">
            <nav class="nav-global">
                <div class="container container--wide">
                    <ul class="nav-global-list no-style">
                        
<li class="language-list minus-padding-right">
    <span>Language</span>
    <span id="langSelectorArea">
        <button type="button" id="langSelectorBtn" lang="en" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#langSelector" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="langSelector" class="btn-reset btn-link btn-selector collapsed">
            <span>English</span>
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
            </svg>
        </button>
        <ul id="langSelector" class="language-selector collapse">
                    <li class="current">
                        <span>
                            <img src="/Static/img/flags/svg/en-gb.svg" alt="Flag for English" />
                            English
                        </span>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="https://www.elkem.cn/">
                            <img src="/Static/img/flags/svg/zh-CN.svg" alt="Flag for 中文(中国)" />
                            中文(中国)
                        </a>
                    </li>
        </ul>
    </span>
</li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </nav>


            <div class="nav-mobile">
    <div class="search-and-menu-mobile">
        <button type="button" aria-label="Search" 
            ref="searchMobileToggle" 
            :class="['btn btn-reset btn-search collapsed', {'active': this.searchOpen}]" 
            v-on:click="toggleSearch(); searchAndMenuClickTracking('Search', 'magnifying_glass')" 
            :aria-expanded="this.searchOpen ? 'true' : 'false'" 
            aria-controls="search-container"
        >
            <div></div>
        </button>
        <button type="button" aria-label="Menu" 
            ref="flyoverMobileToggle" 
            :class="['btn btn-reset btn-menu', {'collapsed': !this.mobileMenuOpen}]" 
            v-on:click="toggleMobileMenu(); searchAndMenuClickTracking('Burger_menu', 'burger_menu')" 
            :aria-expanded="this.mobileMenuOpen ? 'true' : 'false'" 
            aria-controls="navMobile"
        >
            <div class="bar bar-first"></div>
            <div class="bar bar-second"></div>
            <div class="bar bar-third"></div>
        </button>
    </div>
    <nav id="navMobile" ref="navMobile" :class="['nav-mobile-dropdown', {'collapse': !this.mobileMenuOpen}]">
        <div class="flyover--mobile">
            <div class="flyover--mobile-menu" ref="mobileFlyover" v-cloak>
    <div class="flyover--mobile-list">
        <ul>
            <li
                v-for="item in menuItems"
                :class="[{ 'has-icon': item.icon }, { 'is-bigger': (item.role === 'Markets' || item.role === 'Products')}, 'flyover--item mobile top-level']"
            >
                <button type="button"
                    v-if="item.childmenuitems && item.childmenuitems.length > 0"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="setSelectedLevelItem($event, item, 'level1')"
                >
                    <span v-if="item.role === 'Markets'" class="has-icon">
                        <span class="icon">
                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="23" viewbox="0 0 459 583"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="11" d="M39 561c0 9-8 17-17 16-9 0-16-7-16-16V11c1-2 6-5 13-5 10-1 16 4 18 5v24l396 1a41 41 0 0 1 19 44L352 210l98 127c1 1 7 14 2 28-4 10-12 15-15 16H40l-1 180Z"/></svg>
                        </span>
                        {{ item.title }}
                    </span>
                    <span v-else-if="item.role === 'Products'" class="has-icon">
                        <span class="icon">
                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewbox="0 0 25 25"><g><path d="M1.7 19.4V8.3c3.3 1.7 6.7 3.4 10 5.2v10.9c-3.3-1.7-6.7-3.4-10-5ZM13.7 13.6v10.9c3.3-1.7 6.6-3.4 9.8-5.2v-11c-3.3 1.7-6.6 3.5-9.8 5.2ZM12.7 11.8c3.4-1.9 6.8-3.7 10.3-5.6-3.5-1.9-6.9-3.8-10.4-5.7C9.2 2.3 5.8 4.2 2.3 6c3.5 1.9 6.9 3.8 10.4 5.7Z" fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width=".5px"/></g></svg>
                        </span>
                        {{ item.title }}
                    </span>
                    <span v-else>
                        <span class="icon" v-if="item.icon" v-html="item.icon"></span>
                        {{ item.title }}
                    </span>
                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                        <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
                    </svg>
                </button>
                <a v-else-if="item.clickable"
                    :href="item.url"
                    :target="item.target"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(item.url, item.title)"
                >
                    {{ item.title }}
                </a>
                <span v-else
 :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
                >
                    {{ item.title }}
                </span>
            </li>
            <li v-for="item in hamburgerMenuItems" :class="[{ 'has-icon': item.icon }, 'flyover--item mobile top-level']">
                <button type="button"
                    v-if="item.childmenuitems && item.childmenuitems.length > 0"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="setSelectedLevelItem($event, item, 'level1')"
                >
                    {{ item.title }}
                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                        <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
                    </svg>
                </button>
                <a v-else-if="item.clickable"
                    :href="item.url"
                    :target="item.target"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(item.url, item.title)"
                >
                    {{ item.title }}
                </a>
                <span v-else
 :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
                >
                    {{ item.title }}
                </span>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <div class="flyover--mobile-list" v-if="selectedTopLevelItem.title">
        <button type="button" class="list-reset" v-on:click="resetMenuLevel('level1')">
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
            </svg>
            Back
        </button>
        <ul :class="[{ 'has-underlines': (selectedTopLevelItem.role === 'Markets' || selectedTopLevelItem.role === 'Products')}]">
            <li v-if="selectedTopLevelItem.role !== 'Markets' && selectedTopLevelItem.role !== 'Products'" class="is-title flyover--item mobile top-level">
                <span>
                    <span>
                        {{ selectedTopLevelItem.title }}
                    </span>
                </span>
            </li>
            <li class="flyover--item mobile" v-for="secondLevelItem in selectedTopLevelItem.childmenuitems">
                <button type="button"
                    v-if="secondLevelItem.childmenuitems && secondLevelItem.childmenuitems.length > 0"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': secondLevelItem.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="setSelectedLevelItem($event, secondLevelItem, 'level2')"
                >
                    <span :class="{'has-icon': secondLevelItem.image}">
                        <span class="icon" v-if="secondLevelItem.image" v-html="secondLevelItem.image"></span>
                        {{ secondLevelItem.title }}
                    </span>
                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                        <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
                    </svg>
                </button>
                <a v-else-if="secondLevelItem.clickable"
                    :href="secondLevelItem.url"
                    :target="secondLevelItem.target"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': secondLevelItem.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(secondLevelItem.url, selectedTopLevelItem.title)"
                >
                    <span :class="{'has-icon': secondLevelItem.image}">
                        <span class="icon" v-if="secondLevelItem.image" v-html="secondLevelItem.image"></span>
                        {{ secondLevelItem.title }}
                    </span>
                </a>
                <span v-else :class="[{ 'bold': secondLevelItem.bold }]">
                    {{ secondLevelItem.title }}
                </span>
            </li>
            <li v-for="extraItem in selectedTopLevelItem.extramenuitems" class="flyover--list-extra mobile">
                <a v-if="extraItem.clickable"
                    :href="extraItem.url"
                    :target="extraItem.target"
                    :class="['flyover--extra', { 'bold': extraItem.bold } ]"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(extraItem.url, selectedTopLevelItem.title)"
                >
                    <div>
                        <p class="flyover--extra-title">{{ extraItem.title }}</p>
                        <p class="flyover--extra-description">{{ extraItem.description }}</p>
                    </div>
                </a>
                <div v-else :href="extraItem.url" :class="['flyover--extra', { 'bold': extraItem.bold } ]" >
                    <div>
                        <p class="flyover--extra-title">{{ extraItem.title }}</p>
                        <p class="flyover--extra-description">{{ extraItem.description }}</p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>

    <div class="flyover--mobile-list" v-if="selectedSecondLevelItem.title">
        <button type="button" class="list-reset" v-on:click="resetMenuLevel('level2')">
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
            </svg>
            {{ selectedTopLevelItem.title }}
        </button>
        <ul>
            <li class="is-title flyover--item mobile top-level">
                <a v-if="selectedSecondLevelItem.clickable"
                    :href="selectedSecondLevelItem.clickable && selectedSecondLevelItem.url"
                    :target="selectedSecondLevelItem.target"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking((selectedSecondLevelItem.clickable && selectedSecondLevelItem.url || ''), selectedTopLevelItem.title)"
                >
                    <span :class="{'has-icon': selectedSecondLevelItem.image}">
                        <span class="icon" v-if="selectedSecondLevelItem.image" v-html="selectedSecondLevelItem.image"></span>
                        {{ selectedSecondLevelItem.title }}
                    </span>
                </a>
                <span v-else :class="{'has-icon': selectedSecondLevelItem.image}">
                    <span class="icon" v-if="selectedSecondLevelItem.image" v-html="selectedSecondLevelItem.image"></span>
                    {{ selectedSecondLevelItem.title }}
                </span>
            </li>
            <li class="flyover--item mobile" v-for="thirdLevelItem in selectedSecondLevelItem.childmenuitems">
                <button type="button"
                    v-if="thirdLevelItem.childmenuitems && thirdLevelItem.childmenuitems.length > 0"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': thirdLevelItem.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="setSelectedLevelItem($event, thirdLevelItem, 'level3')"
                >
                    {{ thirdLevelItem.title }}
                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
                        <path d="M16 18.811l-11.6-11.046c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002-2.066 1.984c-0.163 0.121-0.267 0.313-0.267 0.529s0.104 0.408 0.265 0.528l0.002 0.001 14.2 13.5c0.142 0.123 0.329 0.198 0.533 0.198s0.391-0.075 0.534-0.199l-0.001 0.001 14.2-13.495c0.163-0.121 0.267-0.313 0.267-0.529s-0.104-0.408-0.265-0.528l-0.002-0.001-2.066-1.989c-0.124-0.162-0.317-0.265-0.534-0.265s-0.41 0.103-0.532 0.263l-0.001 0.002z"></path>
                    </svg>
                </button>
                <a v-else-if="thirdLevelItem.clickable"
                    :href="thirdLevelItem.url"
                    :target="thirdLevelItem.target"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': thirdLevelItem.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(thirdLevelItem.url, selectedTopLevelItem.title)"
                >
                    {{ thirdLevelItem.title }}
                </a>
                <span v-else :class="[{ 'bold': thirdLevelItem.bold }]">
                    {{ thirdLevelItem.title }}
                </span>
            </li>
        </ul>
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    <div class="flyover--mobile-list" v-if="selectedThirdLevelItem.title">
        <button type="button" class="list-reset" v-on:click="resetMenuLevel('level3')">
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
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            </svg>
            {{ selectedSecondLevelItem.title }}
        </button>
        <ul>
            <li class="flyover--item mobile" v-for="fourthLevelItem in selectedThirdLevelItem.childmenuitems">
                <a v-if="fourthLevelItem.clickable"
                    :href="fourthLevelItem.url"
                    :target="fourthLevelItem.target"
                    :class="[{ 'bold': fourthLevelItem.bold }]"
                    v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(fourthLevelItem.url, selectedTopLevelItem.title)"
                >
                    {{ fourthLevelItem.title }}
                </a>
                <span v-else :class="[{ 'bold': fourthLevelItem.bold }]">
                    {{ fourthLevelItem.title }}
                </span>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</div>


            <div class="mobile--bottom">
                    <span class="language-list minus-padding-right">
                            <a href="/" class="current">
                                <img src="/Static/img/flags/svg/en-gb.svg" alt="Flag for English" />
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                    </span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
</div>


            <div class="container container--wide">
                <div 
                    ref="logoContainer" 
                    :class="['site-logo-nav row flex-row cross-centered', {'mobile-menu-open': this.searchOpen || this.mobileMenuOpen}]"
                >
                    <div class="site-logo-container">
                            <a href="/" class="site-logo" style="background-image: url('/Static/img/2021/elkem-logo-red.svg');">
                                <span>To start page</span>
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                    </div>
                    <div class="site-navigation">
                        <nav class="nav-local">
                            <ul class="no-style nav-local-list">
                                <li
    v-for="item in menuItems"
    :class="['flyover--item', { 'active': item === selectedTopLevelItem, 'current': item.current }]" 
    v-cloak
>
    <button v-if="item.childmenuitems && item.childmenuitems.length > 0"
        :class="['btn-selector', { 'bold': item.bold }]"
        v-on:click="setSelectedLevelItem($event, item, 'level1'); headerElementClickTracking('Button element', item.title)"
        :aria-expanded="item === selectedTopLevelItem ? 'true' : 'false'"
        aria-controls="flyoverMenuDesktop"
    >
        {{ item.title }}
        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewbox="0 0 32 32">
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    </button>
    <a v-else-if="item.clickable && !item.current"
        :href="item.url"
        :target="item.target"
        :class="[{ 'bold': item.bold }]"
        v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(item.url, item.title)"
    >
        {{ item.title }}
    </a>
    <span v-else
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    >
        {{ item.title }}
    </span>
</li>

                            </ul>
                        </nav>
                    </div>

                    <div class="search-and-menu-desktop" hidden>
                        <button type="button" aria-label="Search"
                            ref="searchDesktopToggle" 
                            :class="['btn btn-reset btn-search collapsed', {'active': this.searchOpen}]" 
                            :aria-expanded="this.searchOpen ? 'true' : 'false'" 
                            v-on:click="toggleSearch(); searchAndMenuClickTracking('Search', 'magnifying_glass')">
                            <div></div>
                        </button>

                        <button type="button" aria-label="Menu"
                            ref="toggleHamburgerMenu" 
                            v-if="hamburgerMenuItems.length > 0" 
                            :class="['btn btn-reset btn-menu', {'collapsed': !this.hamburgerMenuOpen}]" 
                            v-on:click="toggleHamburgerMenu(); searchAndMenuClickTracking('Burger_Menu', 'burger_menu')" 
                            :aria-expanded="this.hamburgerMenuOpen ? 'true' : 'false'"
                            aria-controls="hamburgerFlyoverMenu"
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                            <div class="bar bar-first"></div>
                            <div class="bar bar-second"></div>
                            <div class="bar bar-third"></div>
                        </button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div id="search-container"
                ref="searchContainer"
                :class="['search-container nav-mobile-dropdown', {'collapse': !this.searchOpen}]"
                v-cloak
>
                <div class="flyover--container">
                    <div class="flyover--menu-content">



    <atomic-search-interface fields-to-include='["sfimage_url__c","objecttype", "imagesource"]' search-hub="elkem.com">
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                    </div>
                    
                    
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                <div class="flyover--menu-close-container">
                    <div class="container">
                        <button type="button" class="btn btn-reset btn-close sr-only sr-only-focusable" v-on:click="toggleSearch()">
                            Close search 
                            <svg aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0" y="0" viewbox="0 0 32 32" xml:space="preserve" enable-background="new 0 0 32 32">
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            <div class="backdrop" ref="backdrop" v-on:click="backdropReset()"></div>

            <div class="flyover--container" role="alert">
                <div ref="flyovermenu" id="flyoverMenuDesktop" :class="['flyover--menu', { 'open': selectedTopLevelItem.childmenuitems } ]" v-cloak>
    <div class="flyover--menu-content">
        <div class="container">
            <ul class="flyover--list flyover--list-first">
                <li
                    v-for="secondLevelItem in selectedTopLevelItem.childmenuitems"
                    :class="['flyover--list-item', {'active': secondLevelItem === selectedSecondLevelItem, 'has-submenu': secondLevelItem.childmenuitems && secondLevelItem.childmenuitems.length > 0}]"
                >
                    <a v-if="secondLevelItem.clickable" :href="secondLevelItem.clickable && secondLevelItem.url" :target="secondLevelItem.target" :class="{'has-icon': secondLevelItem.image}" v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking((secondLevelItem.clickable && secondLevelItem.url || ''), selectedTopLevelItem.title)">
                        <span class="icon" v-if="secondLevelItem.image" v-html="secondLevelItem.image"></span>
                        {{ secondLevelItem.title }}
                    </a>
                    <span v-else :class="{'has-icon': secondLevelItem.image}">
                        <span class="icon" v-if="secondLevelItem.image" v-html="secondLevelItem.image"></span>
                        {{ secondLevelItem.title }}
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                    <ul class="flyover--sublist">
                        <li v-for="thirdLevelItem in secondLevelItem.childmenuitems" class="flyover--sublist-item">
                            <a if="thirdLevelItem.clickable" :href="thirdLevelItem.url" :target="thirdLevelItem.target" :class="[{ 'bold': thirdLevelItem.bold }]" v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(thirdLevelItem.url, selectedTopLevelItem.title)">
                                {{ thirdLevelItem.title }}
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                            <span v-else :class="[{ 'bold': thirdLevelItem.bold }]">
                                {{ thirdLevelItem.title }}
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                        </li>
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            <ul class="flyover--list" v-if="selectedThirdLevelItem && selectedThirdLevelItem.childmenuitems">
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                    <a v-if="selectedThirdLevelItem.clickable" :href="selectedThirdLevelItem.url" :target="selectedThirdLevelItem.target" v-on:click="headerElementClickTracking(selectedThirdLevelItem.url, selectedTopLevelItem.title)">
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                        {{ fourthLevelItem.title }}
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                    <span v-else :class="[{ 'bold': fourthLevelItem.bold }]">
                        {{ fourthLevelItem.title }}
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    <div class="flyover--menu-close-container">
        <div class="container">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-reset btn-close" v-on:click="resetMenuLevel()">
                Close 
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                <div
                    ref="hamburgerflyovermenu"
                    id="hamburgerFlyoverMenu"
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                    v-cloak
>
                    <div class="flyover--menu-content">
                        <div class="container">
                            <ul class="flyover--list flyover--list-first flyover--list-desktop">
                                <li
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                                    :class="['flyover--list-item', {'has-submenu': item.childmenuitems && item.childmenuitems.length > 0}]"
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                                    <span>
                                        {{ item.title }}
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                                    <ul class="flyover--sublist">
                                        <li v-for="thirdLevelItem in item.childmenuitems" class="flyover--sublist-item">
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                                            <span v-else :class="[{ 'bold': thirdLevelItem.bold }]">
                                                {{ thirdLevelItem.title }}
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                    <div class="flyover--menu-close-container">
                        <div class="container">
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                                Close 
                                <svg aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0" y="0" viewbox="0 0 32 32" xml:space="preserve" enable-background="new 0 0 32 32">
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                    <div class="heading">
                        <h1>We are shaping the future</h1>
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                    <div class="text">
                        Elkem is one of the world&#39;s leading providers of advanced silicon-based materials shaping a better and more sustainable future
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                                    Our markets
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                    Watch Elkem’s Q2 2024 Webcast | 12 July 2024 
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        <h2 class="splide-heading">Explore our markets</h2>
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                            <a href="/markets/mobility-and-transportation/">

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                                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="23" viewbox="0 0 413.51 374.82"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:none;stroke:#000;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:11px}</style></defs><rect width="279.98" height="331.28" x="66.94" y="5.62" class="cls-1" rx="35.34" ry="35.34"/><path d="M389.43 82.76v-7.3c0-12.17-9.87-22.04-22.04-22.04h-18.45M382.36 82.76h0c14.08 0 25.51 11.43 25.51 25.51v22.1c0 14.08-11.43 25.51-25.51 25.51h0c-6.28 0-11.37-5.1-11.37-11.37V94.13c0-6.28 5.1-11.37 11.37-11.37h0ZM24.05 82.76v-7.3c0-12.17 9.87-22.04 22.04-22.04h18.45M31.13 155.89h0c-14.08 0-25.51-11.43-25.51-25.51v-22.1c0-14.08 11.43-25.51 25.51-25.51h0c6.28 0 11.37 5.1 11.37 11.37v50.38c0 6.28-5.1 11.37-11.37 11.37h0ZM346.92 191.96h0c-.22 35.49-29.05 64.14-64.54 64.14H131.49c-35.65 0-64.54-28.9-64.54-64.54v-1.14M346.82 304.23c.07.65.1 1.31.1 1.98v43.16c0 10.92-8.85 19.77-19.77 19.77h-9.84c-10.92 0-19.78-8.85-19.78-19.77v-12.46M116.43 336.91v12.46c0 10.92-8.85 19.77-19.77 19.77h-9.84c-10.92 0-19.77-8.85-19.77-19.77v-43.16c0-.43 0-.86.05-1.28" class="cls-1"/></svg>
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                                    Mobility &amp; transportation
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                                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="21" viewbox="0 0 402.04 334.24"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:none;stroke:#000;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:11px}</style></defs><rect width="390.21" height="273.75" x="5.88" y="54.58" class="cls-1" rx="31.61" ry="31.61"/><path d="M152.59 5.74h99.1c9.65 0 17.48 7.83 17.48 17.48v31.35H135.11V23.22c0-9.65 7.83-17.48 17.48-17.48h0ZM269.17 163.11h-38.68v-38.69H173.8v38.69h-38.69v56.69h38.69v38.68h56.69V219.8h38.68v-56.69z" class="cls-1"/></svg>
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                                    Healthcare
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                            <a href="/markets/smarter-cities-construction/">

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                                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="24" viewbox="0 0 445.63 416.26"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:none;stroke:#000;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:11px}</style></defs><path d="M307.22 410.72v-62.33c0-5.14 4.17-9.31 9.31-9.31h29.35c5.14 0 9.31 4.17 9.31 9.31v62.33M34.79 410.72V121.33c0-11.94 9.68-21.61 21.61-21.61h173.55c11.94 0 21.61 9.68 21.61 21.61v289.38" class="cls-1"/><path d="M251.57 410.72V222.55h137.65c11.94 0 21.61 9.68 21.61 21.61v166.56M121.5 99.72V54.6c0-11.94 9.68-21.61 21.61-21.61h166.48c11.94 0 21.61 9.68 21.61 21.61v166.56M159.99 32.98V22.34c0-9.28 6.12-16.8 13.68-16.8h105.36c7.55 0 13.68 7.52 13.68 16.8v10.64" class="cls-1"/><rect width="42.91" height="36.8" x="75.8" y="143.01" class="cls-1" rx="8.33" ry="8.33"/><rect width="42.91" height="36.8" x="162.86" y="143.01" class="cls-1" rx="8.33" ry="8.33"/><rect width="42.91" height="36.8" x="75.8" y="214.22" class="cls-1" rx="8.33" ry="8.33"/><rect width="42.91" height="36.8" x="162.86" y="214.22" class="cls-1" rx="8.33" ry="8.33"/><rect width="42.91" height="36.8" x="75.8" y="285.44" class="cls-1" rx="8.33" ry="8.33"/><rect width="42.91" height="36.8" x="162.86" y="285.44" class="cls-1" rx="8.33" ry="8.33"/><path d="M440.1 410.72H5.54" class="cls-1"/></svg>
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                                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="25" viewbox="0 0 391.44 438.06"><defs><style>.cls-1{stroke-width:11px;fill:none;stroke:#000;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}</style></defs><ellipse cx="195.72" cy="219.03" class="cls-1" rx="88.62" ry="213.47"/><ellipse cx="195.72" cy="219.03" class="cls-1" rx="213.47" ry="88.62" transform="rotate(-30 195.713 219.021)"/><ellipse cx="195.72" cy="219.03" class="cls-1" rx="88.62" ry="213.47" transform="rotate(-60 195.715 219.032)"/><circle cx="195.72" cy="219.03" r="40.89" class="cls-1"/></svg>
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                                    Materials science &amp; chemicals
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                            <a href="/markets/personal-care-consumer-goods/">

                                    <div class="splide__slide-image" style="background-image: url('/globalassets/03---markets/personal-care-consumer-goods/web-hero-cosmetics-03-1.jpg')"></div>
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                                    Personal care &amp; consumer goods
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                                <div class="splide__slide-text">
                                    Digital communication
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                            <a href="/markets/energy-power/">

                                    <div class="splide__slide-image" style="background-image: url('/globalassets/03---markets/energy-power/wind-power.jpg')"></div>
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                                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewbox="0 0 367.9 367.34"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:none;stroke:#000;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:11px}</style></defs><path d="M208.12 91.77h-75.13l3.34 109.35h29.65l-2.15 103.62 82.93-143.86-56.11-.28 17.47-68.83z" class="cls-1"/><circle cx="183.95" cy="183.67" r="177.56" class="cls-1"/></svg>
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                                    Energy &amp; power
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                            <a href="/markets/advanced-manufacturing-industrial/">

                                    <div class="splide__slide-image" style="background-image: url('/globalassets/03---markets/advanced-manufacturing-industrial/web-hero-molten-iron-pour-from-ladle-into-melting-furnace.jpeg')"></div>
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                                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21" height="25" viewbox="0 0 368.71 432.86"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:none;stroke:#000;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:11px}</style></defs><path d="M6.51 427.08h356.48V22.61c0-9.37-7.6-16.97-16.97-16.97h-37.9c-9.36 0-16.95 7.58-16.97 16.93l-.42 187.98-144.52-102.78v102.52L5.37 107.38l1.15 319.69h0Z" class="cls-1"/><path d="M74.99 427.08v-89.34c0-8.36 6.78-15.14 15.14-15.14h39.38c8.36 0 15.14 6.78 15.14 15.14v89.34" class="cls-1"/></svg>
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                                    Advanced manufacturing &amp; industrial
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Phasing out PFAS: Next steps for medical device manufacturers                </div>
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                            Phasing out PFAS: Next steps for medical device manufacturers
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                            <p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are at the heart of a huge regulatory debate in Europe, with major consequences on the horizon for medical device OEMs. What should companies do next to ensure a secure supply of their products long into the future?</p>
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<p>The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) is currently reviewing a <a title="Europe&rsquo;s proposed PFAS ban" href="https://magazine.elkem.com/healthcare/europes-proposed-pfas-ban-the-next-big-thing-in-medical-device-design-and-supply/">proposal to ban an entire class of highly biopersistent substances called per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)</a>, known to persist in the environment longer than any other synthetic chemical.</p>
<p>This has sparked a huge debate around the safety of these substances, which studies suggest may have damaging effects on human health. Yet despite the risks, a large part of the conversation concerns whether certain industries, including medical devices, can continue manufacturing products without them.</p>
<h3>The future of PFAS in medical devices</h3>
<p>PFAS are very important to today&rsquo;s MedTech products, offering various benefits such as resistance to friction, infection, and blood clots. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has become the go-to coating for devices such as catheters, guidewires and stents. Without this coating, the implants would be at high risk of failure or causing clogging.</p>
<p>Yet despite their prevalence and the importance of these materials to many product lines, there is no better time to find alternatives and start phasing out PFAS from the healthcare supply chain. Whether a ban is right around the corner or further down the road, forms of disruption are already happening. Moreover, PFAS-related supply issues, regulatory scrutiny, and legal matters are only expected to worsen in the future.</p>
<p>&ldquo;The regulatory pressure is still very uncertain on PFAS, but we know something is coming,&rdquo; says Clement des Couri&egrave;res, regional market manager at Elkem Silicones, a leading provider of advanced materials for the medical device industry.</p>
<p>&ldquo;Given the pressure, companies who use PFAS in their products should really consider if the functionality brought by PFAS is absolutely necessary for the function of the device &ndash; it&rsquo;s about rethinking why this material was selected in the first place and making sure that this decision still makes sense in the new context. The earlier MedTech companies look at these materials and at potential alternatives, the better for them.&rdquo;</p>
<h3>PFAS alternatives</h3>
<p>In a previous article in this series, we discussed whether <a title="Can medical-grade silicones replace PFAS in your medical device?" href="https://magazine.elkem.com/healthcare/the-perils-of-pfas-can-medical-grade-silicones-replace-pfas-in-your-medical-device/">medical-grade silicone can be a suitable swap for fluoropolymers</a> &ndash; the subset of PFAS used widely in the <a title="Medical &amp; Pharmaceutical Grade Silicones for Healthcare applications" href="/markets/healthcare/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">healthcare industry</a>. <a title="What are silicones?" href="/products/silicones/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Silicone</a> is already a very popular material in MedTech due to its chemical inertness and hydrophobicity. Its versatility has lent it to a very wide range of applications, from long-term body implants to wound care, contact lenses, prosthetics, and many more.</p>
<p>Silicone and fluoropolymers share certain similarities and, with the right formulation, could indeed be seen as alternatives for one another in applications like catheters, stents, vascular prostheses, and coatings.</p>
<p>Nevertheless, fluoropolymers bring some unique properties to the table that cannot always be replicated by a substitute. OEMs are advised to focus on the properties of their device which have the biggest impact on its safety and performance and be open to compromising on the supplementary, &lsquo;nice to have&rsquo; properties and benefits that fluoropolymers offer.</p>
<h3>Start conversations with suppliers early</h3>
<p>As OEMs consider the potential of replacing PFAS with alternative materials like silicone, collaborating with new vendors early in the process could increase their chances of selecting the most suitable material for the application from the beginning.</p>
<p>Considering the length of time required to qualify new materials, any opportunity to accelerate the R&amp;D process is important. Many fluoropolymer applications involve higher risk implantable devices, meaning manufacturers may be looking at potentially ten years of R&amp;D &ndash; a similar amount of time (and money) as required for new device development.</p>
<p>&ldquo;This will be a very long process and that's why we encourage companies to start early with the redesign of their products and the phasing out of PFAS,&rdquo; says des Couri&egrave;res. &ldquo;We know it will take time until a new set of materials is confirmed and qualified for the applications.&rdquo;</p>
<h3>How to choose the right partner to support your transition</h3>
<p>When exploring options with new suppliers, it will be critical to work with companies that can customise products and bring their material science expertise to an open collaboration. They shouldn&rsquo;t just be trying to sell you a material that may or may not work for your specific application, but a solution to your problem.</p>
<p>Deep application knowledge, regulatory awareness, and material science expertise are all key to <a title="Visite our website" href="/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Elkem&rsquo;s approach</a>. &ldquo;If a company has identified PFAS that they wish to replace in their product, we can look at the properties and the benefits brought by this material and propose something that performs in the closest possible way,&rdquo; says des Couri&egrave;res.</p>
<p>&ldquo;When we recommend alternatives, we will keep in mind that the application is a medical device and our deep knowledge of the regulatory context of this industry enables us to propose a material that is already medical-grade or even possibly implant-grade so that the designers have peace of mind that the material will be compliant to healthcare and medical regulations.&rdquo;</p>
<p>While technical and regulatory expertise are the two most important qualities to look for in new suppliers, it&rsquo;s also important to think further down the line. Once a redesign is complete and the product has undergone all the necessary tests to deem it safe for patients and fit for use, does your new supplier have what is needed to ensure continuity of supply? This usually calls for a robust industrial footprint.</p>
<p>&ldquo;Qualifying a new material takes time and is highly resource-intensive for medical devices,&rdquo; reminds des Couri&egrave;res. &ldquo;Once it&rsquo;s qualified, the last thing you want is to have disruptions of supply. Working with a company that can manufacture the same material in different parts of the world can be a good prevention for supply disruption. The other advantage for global customers is that they can be supplied locally but from a global company; they have the same trust in the company but have a local supply for their material.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Elkem Silicones has more than 65 years of silicone formulation expertise, with many years serving healthcare OEMs with its Silbione&trade; range of medical-grade materials. These high-quality products are supported by global fully integrated manufacturing infrastructure and a network of formulation experts and toxicologists dedicated to your success during this challenging time.</p>
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                The impact of Europe’s proposed PFAS ban on medical devices
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<p><strong><em>An article written in association with <a title="Article Medical Device &amp; Elkem" href="https://www.medicaldevice-network.com/sponsored/the-perils-of-pfas-can-medical-grade-silicones-replace-pfas-in-your-medical-device/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Medical Device Network</a></em></strong></p>
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